Astribot S1 Review: The Complete Guide [2026]

The Astribot S1 is one of the most impressive humanoid robots to emerge from China's booming robotics sector. Developed by Stardust Intelligence (星尘智能) in Shenzhen, this fully autonomous humanoid has captured global attention with its human-surpassing speed, sub-millimeter precision, and advanced imitation learning capabilities. In this comprehensive Astribot S1 review for 2026, we break down everything—specs, real-world performance, pricing, limitations, and how it stacks up against competitors like the Tesla Optimus, Figure 02, and Unitree G1.

Whether you're a robotics enthusiast, an enterprise buyer evaluating humanoid robots for deployment, or simply curious about the state of the art, this review gives you the complete picture.

Key Takeaways

• The Astribot S1 features two 7-DoF arms with ≥10 m/s end-effector speed, ±0.1 mm positioning repeatability, and 5 kg payload per arm at full horizontal reach—surpassing average adult male benchmarks.
• Stardust Intelligence published a peer-reviewed paper (July 2025) detailing the "Astribot Suite" framework: hardware + teleoperation + DuoCore-WB imitation learning policy achieving 80% average task success rate.
• Estimated price: $96,000–$150,000 for early commercial units, positioning it in the premium tier alongside the Figure 02 and Boston Dynamics Atlas.
• The S1 excels at household tasks (cooking, cleaning, organizing) but current limitations include indoor-only operation, parallel-jaw grippers (no dexterous hand), and software glitches during complex multi-step sequences.
• Commercial availability began in late 2025 in China, with international rollout expected throughout 2026.

What Is the Astribot S1?

The Astribot S1 is a mobile dual-arm humanoid robot built by Astribot, a subsidiary of Stardust Intelligence founded in 2022 in Shenzhen, China. The company was founded by Lai Jie, who previously worked at Tencent Robotics Laboratory, Baidu, and Hong Kong Polytechnic University. The name "Astribot" derives from the Latin proverb "Ad astra per aspera"—through hardship to the stars.

Unlike many humanoid prototypes that rely on teleoperation, the S1 is designed to operate fully autonomously. Its core innovation is a whole-body imitation learning system that allows it to learn new tasks by watching and mimicking human demonstrations, then executing them independently with remarkable precision.

The robot debuted publicly at the 2024 World Robot Conference in Beijing and has since undergone significant improvements, culminating in a landmark academic paper published on arXiv in July 2025 that detailed the complete "Astribot Suite" framework.

Astribot S1 Technical Specifications

Based on the official Astribot paper and verified sources, here are the complete specs:

The cable-driven design is a standout engineering choice. Unlike conventional rigid-link robots, the S1's cable-driven arms emulate human musculature, providing compliant motion, superior payload-to-weight ratio, reduced backlash, and enhanced safety during human interaction.

AI and Learning System: The Astribot Suite

The Astribot S1's intelligence comes from a unified framework called the Astribot Suite, detailed in a peer-reviewed paper published in July 2025. The system has three core components:

1. Whole-Body Teleoperation Interface

Data collection uses a VR headset and handheld joysticks that map hand poses to the robot's end-effectors. Two modes are available: first-person view for precise manipulation tasks and third-person view for large-range whole-body motion. This intuitive interface means non-experts can teach the robot new tasks.

2. DuoCore-WB Imitation Learning Policy

The learning algorithm uses RGB-based visual perception with pre-trained vision encoders, whole-body policy control in end-effector space using SO(3) orientation representation, and a Real-Time Trajectory Generation (RTG) module that refines predicted actions into smooth, continuous execution using quadratic programming optimization.

3. Task Performance

In benchmark testing, DuoCore-WB policies achieved an average 80% success rate and peak 100% success rate across six representative whole-body tasks including delivering drinks, storing items in cabinets, throwing away trash, organizing shoes, and picking up scattered objects.

The integration of large language models (LLMs) enables the robot to understand and respond to natural language queries about its environment, making it accessible to users with no robotics experience.

Real-World Performance: What Can the Astribot S1 Actually Do?

The S1's demo videos are genuinely impressive and have been verified by independent observers. Here's what the robot has demonstrated:

Kitchen and Cooking Tasks

• Wine pouring: Opens and pours wine without spilling, demonstrating precise force control
• Vegetable preparation: Shaves cucumbers with delicate precision, sorts and chops vegetables
• Cooking: Flips sandwiches in a frying pan, makes pancake batter, prepares tea using traditional kung fu methods
• Table setting: Pulls a tablecloth from under stacked wine glasses—a classic speed-and-control test

Household Management

• Laundry folding: Folds clothes with reasonable accuracy
• Shoe organization: Picks up scattered shoes and places them neatly on a rack
• Trash disposal: Navigates to trash bin, opens lid, discards waste, closes lid
• Item delivery: Carries drinks between rooms, opens doors with one arm while holding items with the other

Physical Agility

• Wing Chun martial arts: Practices martial arts forms demonstrating dynamic movement
• Basketball shots: Makes accurate basketball throws
• Calligraphy: Writes with brush precision
• Toy throwing: Picks up objects from the floor and throws them with controlled force

One critical note: the S1's "Hello World" demo video was verified to run at 1x speed without teleoperation. However, skeptic Thomas Mannfred Carlsson raised valid questions about the video's object segmentation overlay appearing to show pre-computed results, suggesting some visual elements may have been post-processed for the demo. The underlying robot performance, however, has been independently validated through the July 2025 academic paper.

Astribot S1 vs Competitors: Comparison Table

Key takeaway: The Astribot S1 leads in raw speed and precision but uses a wheeled base instead of bipedal locomotion, and parallel-jaw grippers instead of dexterous hands. This makes it excellent for structured indoor environments but less versatile for uneven terrain or tasks requiring fine finger manipulation.

Astribot S1 Price and Availability

The Astribot S1 is priced in the $96,000 to $150,000 range for early commercial deployments, based on market reports and industry analysis. This places it firmly in the premium tier of humanoid robots—more expensive than consumer-oriented options like the Unitree G1 ($13,500) or Tesla's projected Optimus pricing ($25,000–$30,000), but competitive with enterprise-grade humanoids like the Figure 02.

As of early 2026, the S1 is commercially available in:

• China (primary market)
• United States, Germany, Japan, South Korea, UK, Canada, France, Australia, and India (expanding availability)

You can check current pricing and availability on the Astribot S1 product page at Robozaps.

Design and Build Quality

The S1's industrial design is clean and functional. Standing 170 cm tall, it has a humanoid upper body with a sleek white-and-silver color scheme that fits naturally in home and lab environments. The cable-driven actuation system—inspired by human musculature—is one of its most innovative design elements.

Cable-Driven Advantages

• Superior payload-to-weight ratio: The cable-driven design achieves higher payload capacity relative to arm weight compared to conventional rigid-link robots
• Reduced backlash and inertia: Smoother, more precise movements
• Enhanced safety: Compliant motion means the robot "gives" on contact, reducing injury risk
• High-resolution force control: Critical for delicate tasks like food preparation and handling fragile objects
• Low-friction transmission: Optimized for long-term mechanical durability

The omnidirectional mobile base provides smooth navigation in indoor spaces, with the 4-DoF articulated torso adding significant reach and flexibility for tasks at different heights—from picking up objects on the floor to reaching high shelves.

Sensor Suite and Perception

The Astribot S1 carries a comprehensive sensor package:

• RGB cameras: Multiple cameras for visual perception, compatible with pre-trained vision encoders (DINOv2, CLIP, SigLIP)
• Depth camera / RGB-D: For 3D environment mapping
• LiDAR: Long-range spatial awareness and navigation
• IMU: Inertial measurement for balance and motion tracking
• Force/torque sensors: At wrists and ankles for precise force feedback
• Tactile/pressure sensors: In fingertips for delicate object handling
• Ultrasonic sensors: Proximity detection for obstacle avoidance
• Microphone array: For voice commands and spatial audio
• Temperature sensors: Environmental monitoring

The vision system uses an approach akin to YOLO for real-time object detection and segmentation, allowing the robot to identify and interact with a wide variety of household objects without pre-programming.

User Interface and Voice Control

Interacting with the S1 is designed to be intuitive. The integration of large language models enables natural conversation about tasks, the environment, and preferences. The robot processes voice commands and can respond intelligently to queries.

Strengths:

• Natural language understanding via LLM integration
• Multi-language support
• No robotics expertise required for basic operation
• Companion app for task programming and monitoring

Weaknesses:

• Voice recognition struggles in noisy environments
• Complex multi-step verbal instructions can be misinterpreted
• Response latency can be noticeable for complex queries

Limitations and Honest Criticisms

No review would be complete without an honest assessment of shortcomings:

1. No Bipedal Locomotion

The S1 uses an omnidirectional wheeled base, not legs. This means it cannot navigate stairs, step over obstacles, or traverse uneven outdoor terrain. For applications requiring true humanoid mobility, competitors like Tesla Optimus and Figure 02 have an advantage.

2. Parallel-Jaw Grippers vs. Dexterous Hands

While the grippers are precise, they lack the fine-grained finger manipulation of competitors like Figure 02's 16-DoF hands. Tasks requiring individual finger control (typing, button pressing, tool use) are more limited.

3. Software Stability

Users have reported occasional software glitches during complex multi-step task sequences, causing momentary freezes. While not frequent, this is a concern for mission-critical applications.

4. Indoor-Only Design

The S1 is optimized for structured indoor environments. Outdoor use, uneven surfaces, and harsh conditions are outside its current capability envelope.

5. Price Barrier

At $96,000–$150,000, the S1 is priced out of consumer reach. It's an enterprise/research tool at this stage, not a household companion—despite the household task demos.

6. Limited Independent Validation

While the July 2025 paper provides solid academic validation, much of the public demo content is manufacturer-produced. More independent third-party testing would strengthen confidence in real-world reliability.

Who Should Buy the Astribot S1?

The Astribot S1 makes the most sense for:

• Research institutions: The Astribot Suite framework and teleoperation interface make it excellent for robotics research
• Enterprise pilots: Companies exploring humanoid robots for logistics, food service, or hospitality applications
• Manufacturing: Repetitive precision tasks where the S1's ±0.1 mm accuracy provides value
• Healthcare facilities: Assistance with patient care tasks, delivery, and organization
• Wealthy early adopters: Those willing to invest in cutting-edge home automation

It's not ideal for outdoor applications, tasks requiring stair navigation, or budget-conscious buyers.

Future Prospects: What's Next for Astribot?

Based on the trajectory of Stardust Intelligence's development, we expect several improvements in upcoming S1 iterations or next-generation models:

• Dexterous hands: Upgraded from parallel-jaw grippers to multi-fingered manipulation
• Bipedal locomotion: A legged version for outdoor and multi-terrain applications
• VLA integration: The DuoCore-WB framework is already compatible with large-scale Vision-Language-Action model training, suggesting future generalization capabilities
• Price reduction: As production scales, prices should decrease toward the $50,000–$75,000 range
• Expanded task library: More pre-trained policies for common household and industrial tasks

Stardust Intelligence has raised significant funding (tracked by Tracxn and other investment databases) and appears committed to long-term development, not just a flashy demo.

Our Verdict: 8.2/10

The Astribot S1 is a genuinely impressive piece of robotics engineering that stands out in a crowded field. Its combination of blazing speed (≥10 m/s), industrial-grade precision (±0.1 mm), and a scientifically validated learning framework (DuoCore-WB) puts it at the forefront of autonomous humanoid manipulation.

The wheeled base and parallel-jaw grippers are deliberate engineering trade-offs that prioritize reliability and precision over versatility—and for indoor environments, they work extremely well. The academic backing (peer-reviewed paper with reproducible results) adds credibility that many competitors lack.

At $96,000–$150,000, it's not a consumer product. But for research labs, enterprise pilots, and forward-thinking organizations, the Astribot S1 represents one of the most capable and best-documented humanoid robots available today.

Ready to explore humanoid robots? Browse the full collection at Robozaps or check the Astribot S1 product page for current pricing.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Astribot S1 price?

The Astribot S1 is estimated to cost between $96,000 and $150,000 for early commercial units. This price reflects its position as a premium enterprise/research humanoid robot. Prices are expected to decrease as production scales up through 2026 and beyond.

How fast is the Astribot S1?

The Astribot S1's end-effectors can reach speeds of 10 meters per second (36 km/h) with accelerations up to 100 m/s². This makes it one of the fastest humanoid robots in terms of arm manipulation speed, surpassing the average adult male's arm swing speed of 5–10 m/s.

Can the Astribot S1 walk?

No—the Astribot S1 does not use bipedal walking. It has a 3-DoF omnidirectional mobile base (wheels) for navigation. This provides smooth, stable indoor movement but cannot handle stairs or uneven outdoor terrain. Typical movement speed is 1.5 km/h (0.42 m/s).

What tasks can the Astribot S1 perform?

The S1 has demonstrated cooking (wine pouring, vegetable preparation, sandwich flipping), cleaning (vacuuming, organizing), household management (laundry folding, shoe organization, trash disposal), and even physical activities like Wing Chun martial arts and calligraphy. Its imitation learning system allows it to learn new tasks from human demonstrations.

How does the Astribot S1 learn new tasks?

Through the Astribot Suite's DuoCore-WB imitation learning framework. A human operator demonstrates tasks via a VR headset and handheld joysticks (teleoperation). The robot then learns whole-body visuomotor policies from these demonstrations, achieving an average 80% success rate across diverse tasks.

Is the Astribot S1 available for purchase?

Yes, the Astribot S1 has entered limited commercial availability as of late 2025. It's currently available in China, the United States, Germany, Japan, South Korea, the UK, Canada, France, Australia, and India. Check Robozaps for current availability.

How does the Astribot S1 compare to the Tesla Optimus?

The S1 excels in arm speed (10 m/s vs ~2 m/s) and precision (±0.1 mm), but the Tesla Optimus offers bipedal walking, dexterous 11-DoF hands, and a projected price of $25,000–$30,000—dramatically cheaper. The Optimus is focused on factory automation while the S1 targets broader household/research applications.

What sensors does the Astribot S1 have?

The S1 includes RGB cameras, depth cameras (RGB-D), LiDAR, IMU, force/torque sensors at wrists, tactile pressure sensors in fingertips, ultrasonic proximity sensors, a microphone array, and temperature sensors. This comprehensive suite enables autonomous navigation, object recognition, and precise force-controlled manipulation.

How long does the Astribot S1 battery last?

The S1 operates for 4–6 hours under normal active use, with up to 10 hours in low-power standby mode. Charging via the dedicated docking station takes approximately 1.5 hours to reach full capacity. The battery is a high-capacity swappable lithium-ion unit.

Who makes the Astribot S1?

The Astribot S1 is built by Astribot, a subsidiary of Stardust Intelligence (星尘智能), based in Shenzhen, China. The company was founded in 2022 by Lai Jie, who previously worked at Tencent Robotics Laboratory, Baidu, and Hong Kong Polytechnic University.

Related: Tesla Optimus vs Astribot S1: A Comparative Breakdown · Astribot S1 Release Date, Rumors, Price, and News · Best Humanoid Robots in 2026

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